Here is a good article with many useful links on how a contemporary Hindi speaker finds that it is similar to Welsh, after moving there.The article contains many useful links, and more importantly maps of how the family of Indo-European languages spread from the Indian subcontinent to the British Isles.The similarities of these languages are well known for more than two centuries. It all started in 1782 when William Jones, a British judge in India with a special gift for languages, noticed the similarities between Hindi and English. He wrote:
"The Sanskrit language, whatever be its antiquity, is of a wonderfulstructure; more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely refined than either, yet bearing to both of them a stronger affinity,both in the roots of verbs and the forms of grammar, than could possibly have been produced by accident; so strong indeed, thatno philologer could examine them all three, without believing them to have sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, nolonger exists."
Hence, Jones predicted a common source for these languages. The task of reconstructing this Proto-Indo-European language, was left to the German linguist, August Schleicher who published a grammar for that proto-langauge.
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